Table 2 Characteristics of patients included in the studies evaluating determinants of nursing home death
From: The determinants of home and nursing home death: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Author, year, sample size country | Patient population, age (years) male | Type of diseasea | Place of death | NOS quality assessment scaleb |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Ikegami et al. 2012 [14] N = 1,158 Japan | • Nursing home residents • Mean (SD): 89 (8) • Male: 342 (30 %) | Cause of death • Cancer: 81 (7 %) • Cardiovascular: 220 (19 %) • Pneumonia: 237 (21 %) • Other: 620 (53 %) | • Nursing home: 548 (47 %) • Hospital: 610 (53 %) | • 6 |
Levy et al. 2012 [15] N = 7,408 United States | • Nursing home residents • Median (range): 78 (21–105) • Male: 7,224 (98 %) | Patients with different diseases, proportions not provided | • Hospital: 995 (13 %) • Nursing home: 6,413 (87 %) | • 6 |
Houttekier et al. 2011 [19] N = 79,846 Belgium | • General end-of-life population • ≥65: 54,311 (83 %)c • Male: 32,718 (50 %)c | Cause of death • Cancer: 18,321 (28 %)c • Cardiovascular:16,813 (26 %)c • Other: 30,100 (46 %)c | • Home: 14,726 (23 %)c • Hospital: 33,856 (52 %) c • Nursing home: 14,792 (23 %)c | • 6 |
Houttekier et al. 2010 [20] N = 1,690 Belgium | • Nursing home residents • ≥65: 1,462 (88 %) • Male: 839 (50 %) | Cause of death • Cancer: 725 (43 %) • Cardiovascular: 237 (14 %) • Other: 728 (43 %) | • Home: 402 (24 %) • Hospital: 664 (39 %) • Nursing home: 451 (27 %) • Palliative care unit: 171 (10 %) | • 7 |
Houttekier et al. 2010 [18] N = 237,579d Netherlands/England | • General end-of-life population • ≥70: 131,574 (73 %) • Male: 90,619 (50 %) | Cause of death • Cancer: 170,339 (72 %) • Heart failure: 11,599 (7 %) • Other: 52,454 (22 %) | • Home: 49,036 (21 %) • Hospital: 114,401 (48 %) • Nursing home: 39,256 (17 %) • Other: 34,886 (14 %) | • 6 |
Bell et al. 2009 [27] N = 1,352 United States | • General end-of-life population • Mean: 84 • Male: 100 % | Cause of death • Cancer: 337 (25 %) • Coronary: 181 (13 %) • Other: 834 (62 %) | • Home: 306 (23 %) • Hospital: 800 (59 %) • Nursing home: 246 (18 %) | • 5 |
Kwak et al. 2008 [28] N = 30,765 United States | • Nursing home residents • Mean (SD): 86 (8) • Male: 8,306 (27 %) | Cause of death • Cancer: 1,661 (5 %) • Cardiovascular: 11,291 (37 %) • Other: 17,844 (58 %) | • Home: 615 (2 %) • Nursing home: 21,228 (69 %) • Hospital: 8,307 (27 %) • Other: 615 (2 %) | • 7 |
Takezako et al. 2007 [31] N = 86 Japan | • Nursing home residents • ≥85: 53 (62 %) • Male: 20 (23 %) | • Cancer: 3 (4 %) • Cardiovascular: 20 (23 %) • Cerebrovascular: 35 (41 %) • Other: 28 (33 %) | • Nursing home: 43 (50 %) • Hospital: 43 (50 %) | • 8 |
Motiwala et al. 2006 [32] N = 58,689 Canada | • General end-of-life population • ≥75: 43,071 (73 %) • Male: 27,749 (47 %) | • Cancer: 19,966 (34 %) • Dementia: 16,267 (28 %) • Other: 22,302 (38 %) | • Not available | • 8 |
Levy et al. 2004 [16] N = 152,494 United States | • Nursing home residents • ≥65: 146,998 (96 %) • Male: not available | • Patients with different diseases, proportions not provided | • Hospital: 51,187 (34 %) • Nursing home: 101,307 (66 %) | • 7 |