Characteristics and outcomes of patients with do-not-resuscitate and physician orders for life-sustaining treatment in a medical intensive care unit: a retrospective cohort study

Table 3 Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis addressing the risk factors for in-hospital mortality

	Univariate analysis			Multivariate analysis
	OR	95% CI	P-value	OR	95% CI	P-value
Age	1.005	0.993–1.017	0.381
Male	0.942	0.685–1.294	0.711
BMI	1.064	1.024–1.106	0.002	1.054	1.017–1.093	0.004
APACHE II score	1.056	1.039–1.074	< 0.001	1.025	1.005–1.046	0.015
Clinical frailty scale	1.249	1.122–1.390	< 0.001	1.089	0.971–1.221	0.147
Underlying disease
Solid tumor	1.786	1.205–2.648	0.004	1.018	0.670–1.546	0.934
Hematologic malignancy	3.324	1.553–7.111	0.002	2.686	1.239–5.824	0.012
Chronic lung disease	1.391	0.990–1.953	0.057	1.024	0.707–1.483	0.899
Laboratory findings
White blood cell, ×10³/uL	1.003	0.989–1.018	0.671
Hemomglobin	0.972	0.912–1.035	0.374
Platelet, ×10³/uL	0.999	0.997–1.001	0.218
Total bilirubin, mg/dL	1.057	1.010–1.107	0.016	0.991	0.934–1.050	0.756
Albumin, g/dL	0.558	0.427–0.729	< 0.001	0.909	0.662–1.249	0.556
CRP, ng/mL	1.009	0.993–1.026	0.281
DNR and/or POLST	9.477	6.179–14.535	< 0.001	10.353	6.261–17.119	< 0.001
Invasive mechanical ventilation	2.536	1.701–3.781	< 0.001	1.506	0.956–2.372	0.078
Vasopressor	0.913	0.668–1.248	0.568
CRRT	1.978	1.432–2.732	< 0.001	1.245	0.879–1.764	0.218

BMI, body mass index; APACHE II, Acute physiology and chronic health evaluation; CRP, c-reactive protein; DNR, do-not-resuscitate; POLST, physician orders for life sustaining treatment; CRRT, continuous renal replacement therapy

ISSN: 1472-684X