THEMES in the experience of breathlessness | CONDITIONS compared | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Themes | Sub-themes | Cancer | COPD | HF | MND |
Nature | Manifestation (sudden/surreptitious) | 4 | 12 | 7 | 10 |
 | Evaluative (worst symptom) | 1 | 11 | 4 | 2 |
 | Associated feelings (fear) | 4 | 18 | 2 | 10 |
 | Influence on life (inhibiting) | 3 | 17 | 9 | 10 |
Label | No immediate diagnosis | 1 | 18 | Â | Â |
 | Diagnosis carrying meaning | 10 | 1 | 10 |  |
 | Diagnosis not carrying meaning |  | 17 |  |  |
 | Long search for diagnosis |  |  |  | 10 |
Time line | Awareness of diagnosis after test for symptoms | 10 | Â | Â | Â |
 | Awareness of diagnosis in retrospect |  | 18 |  |  |
 | Awareness after manifestation of symptoms and confirmed by test |  |  | 10 | 2 |
 | Step by step awareness |  |  |  | 8 |
Cause | Internal | 2 | Â | 7 | Â |
 | External | 5 | 18 |  |  |
 | Both | 2 | 2 | 3 |  |
 | Not clear | 1 |  |  | 10 |
Coping symptom | No advice | 9 | 12 | 8 | Â |
 | PR | 1 | 5 | 2 |  |
 | Essential breathing aids |  |  |  | 10 |
Coping illness | Psychological/spiritual mechanisms | 7 | 4 | 6 | 10 |
 | Self-management |  | 5 |  |  |
 | Caution strategies |  | 11 | 10 |  |
 | Hope in surgery for cure | 4 |  | 7 |  |
 | Hope in treatment for extending life | 5 |  |  |  |
 | Lack of coping (suffering) |  | 11 | 2 |  |
 | Reliance on medication |  |  | 10 |  |
Consequences | Family | 3 | 9 | 3 | 10 |
 | Financial | 2 | 12 | 2 | 3 |
 | Disability | 2 | 18 | 10 | 10 |
 | Search for cure | 3 |  |  |  |
 | Fear of dying/death | 3 | 12 | 6 |  |
 | Stigma | 2 | 10 | 3 | 3 |
 | Access to care |  | 12 | 6 |  |
 | Copers |  | 5 |  |  |