Insomnia (single question) | Moderate-severe insomnia (SDS) | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
No or occasionally (n (%)) | Yes (n (%)) | p-value | No (n (%)) | Yes (n (%)) | p-value | |||
Socio-demographic/clinical characteristics | ||||||||
Mean age ± SD, years | 74.3 ± 9.73 | 69.8 ± 11.49 | 0.072 | 73.2 ± 9.95 | 69.6 ± 11.96 | 0.289 | ||
Sex | 0.33 | 0.102 | ||||||
Women | 12 (44.4) | 15 (55.6) | 11 (40.7) | 16 (59.3) | ||||
Men | 11 (32.4) | 23 (67.6) | 21 (61.8) | 13 (38.2) | ||||
Karnofsky index | 0.003 a | 0.048 | ||||||
> 50 | 1 (6.3) | 15 (93.8) | 27 (60.0) | 18 (40.0) | ||||
≤ 50 | 22 (48.9) | 23 (51.1) | 5 (31.3) | 11 (68.8) | ||||
Procedence | 0.11 | 0.060 | ||||||
Home | 12 (50.0) | 12 (50.0) | 9 (37.5) | 15 (62.5) | ||||
Acute care | 11 (29.7) | 26 (70.3) | 23 (62.2) | 14 (37.8) | ||||
Death during hospitalisation | 0.768 | 0.088 | ||||||
No | 13 (39.4) | 20 (60.6) | 18 (64.3) | 10 (35.7) | ||||
Yes | 10 (35.7) | 18 (64.3) | 14 (42.4) | 19 (57.6) | ||||
Cancer site b | 0.056 | 0.534 | ||||||
Lung | 2 (15.4) | 11 (84.6) | 8 (61.5) | 5 (38.5) | ||||
Other | 21 (46.6) | 24 (53.3) | 22 (48.9) | 23 (51.1) | ||||
Non-applicable | 0 (0.0) | 3 (100.0) | 2 (66.7) | 1 (33.3) | ||||
Stage b | 0.239 | 0.888 | ||||||
Local or loco-regional disease | 9 (56.3) | 8 (43.8) | 9 (56.2) | 7 (43.5) | ||||
Metastasic | 14 (33.3) | 28 (66.7) | 21 (50.0) | 21 (50.0) | ||||
Non-applicable | 0 (0.0) | 3 (100.0) | 2 (66.7) | 1 (33.3) | ||||
Psychological factors | ||||||||
HADS (range 0-42) (mean ± SD) | 18.2 ± 7.64 | 23.7 ± 6.98 | 0.012 | 20.3 ± 7.79 | 23.1 ± 7.44 | 0.158 | ||
HADS ≥ 19 c | 0.137 | 0.806 | ||||||
No | 11 (50.0) | 11 (50.0) | 12 (54.5) | 10 (45.5) | ||||
Yes | 12 (30.8) | 27 (69.2) | 20 (51.3) | 19 (48.7) | ||||
HADD ≥ 11 d | 0.204 | 0.306 | ||||||
No | 11 (47.8) | 12 (52.2) | 14 (60.9) | 9 (39.1) | ||||
Yes | 12 (31.6) | 26 (68.4) | 18 (47.4) | 20 (52.6) | ||||
HADA ≥ 11 e | 0.019 | 0.234 | ||||||
No | 15 (53.6) | 13 (46.4) | 17 (60.7) | 11 (39.3) | ||||
Yes | 8 (24.2) | 25 (75.7) | 15 (45.4) | 18 (54.5) | ||||
Nightmares | 0.535 | 0.163 | ||||||
No | 18 (40.0) | 27 (60.0) | 26 (57.8) | 19 (42.2) | ||||
Yes | 5 (31.3) | 11 (68.8) | 6 (37.5) | 10 (62.5) | ||||
Rumination | 0.012 a | 0.009 a | ||||||
No | 9 (69.2) | 4 (30.8) | 11 (86.4) | 2 (15.4) | ||||
Yes | 14 (29.2) | 34 (70.8) | 21 (43.8) | 27 (56.3) | ||||
Feelings of fear/loneliness | 0.222 | 0.055 | ||||||
No | 14 (45.2) | 17 (54.8) | 20 (64.5) | 11 (35.5) | ||||
Yes | 9 (30.0) | 21 (70.0) | 12 (40.0) | 18 (60.0) | ||||
Clear knowledge of diagnosis | 0.042 | 0.065 | ||||||
No | 12 (54.5) | 10 (45.5) | 17 (43.6) | 22 (56.4) | ||||
Yes | 11 (28.2) | 28 (71.8) | 15 (68.2) | 7 (31.8) | ||||
Clear knowledge of prognosis | 0.751 | 0.404 | ||||||
No | 18 (36.7) | 31 (63.3) | 5 (41.7) | 7 (58.3) | ||||
Yes | 5 (41.7) | 7 (58.3) | 27 (55.1) | 22 (44.9) | ||||
Physical factors f | ||||||||
Pain | 0.633 | 0.986 | ||||||
No | 8 (42.1) | 11 (57.9) | 10 (52.6) | 9 (47.4) | ||||
Yes | 15 (35.7) | 27 (64.3) | 22 (52.4) | 20 (47.6) | ||||
Dyspnoea | 0.018 a | 0.436 | ||||||
No | 19 (48.7) | 20 (51.3) | 19 (58.7) | 20 (51.3) | ||||
Yes | 4 (18.2) | 18 (81.8) | 13 (59.1) | 9 (40.9) | ||||
Cough | 0.649 | 0.381 | ||||||
No | 17 (39.5) | 26 (60.5) | 21 (48.8) | 22 (51.2) | ||||
Yes | 6 (33.3) | 12 (66.7) | 11 (61.1) | 7 (38.9) | ||||
Nausea/vomiting | 0.150 | 0.501 | ||||||
No | 15 (32.6) | 31 (67.4) | 23 (50.0) | 23 (50.0) | ||||
Yes | 8 (53.3) | 7 (46.7) | 9 (60.0) | 6 (40.0) | ||||
Sweating | 0.530 | 0.910 | ||||||
No | 17 (35.4) | 31 (64.6) | 25 (52.1) | 23 (47.9) | ||||
Yes | 6 (46.2) | 7 (53.8) | 7 (53.8) | 6 (46.2) | ||||
Nycturia | 1.000 | 0.412 | ||||||
No | 19 (38.0) | 31 (62.0) | 25 (50.0) | 25 (50.0) | ||||
Yes | 4 (36.0) | 7 (63.6) | 7 (63.6) | 4 (36.4) | ||||
Environmental factors | ||||||||
Environmental disturbances | 0.650 | 0.026 | ||||||
No | 6 (42.9) | 8 (57.1) | 11 (78.6) | 3 (21.4) | ||||
Yes | 17 (36.2) | 30 (63.8) | 21 (44.7) | 26 (55.3) | ||||
Individual room | 0.301 | 0.754 | ||||||
No | 18 (41.9) | 25 (58.1) | 22 (51.2) | 21 (48.8) | ||||
Yes | 5 (27.8) | 13 (72.2) | 10 (55.6) | 8 (44.4) | ||||
Accompanied by next of kin during night | 0.310 | 0.204 | ||||||
No | 19 (41.3) | 27 (58.7) | 22 (47.8) | 24 (52.2) | ||||
Yes | 4 (26.7) | 11 (73.3) | 10 (66.7) | 5 (33.3) | ||||
Sleeping habits not accomplished | 0.217 | 0.276 | ||||||
No | 18 (42.9) | 24 (57.1) | 24 (57.1) | 18 (42.9) | ||||
Yes | 5 (26.3) | 14 (73.7) | 8 (42.1) | 11 (57.9) | ||||
Additional aspects related to insomnia | ||||||||
Daytime sleepiness | 0.237 | 0.010 a | ||||||
No | 8 (50.0) | 8 (50.0) | 4 (25.0) | 12 (75.0) | ||||
Yes | 15 (33.3) | 30 (66.7) | 28 (62.2) | 17 (37.8) | ||||
Feeling of non-restorative sleep | 0.007 | 0.913 | ||||||
No | 16 (55.2) | 13 (44.8) | 15 (51.7) | 14 (48.3) | ||||
Yes | 7 (21.9) | 25 (78.1) | 17 (53.1) | 15 (46.9) |