Table 2 Odds ratios and 95 % confidence intervals comparing the probability of death in hospital with nursing homes. Results from multilevel models with individual, regional and healthcare supply variables (N = 41, 275)
From: Dying among older adults in Switzerland: who dies in hospital, who dies in a nursing home?
Characteristics | Model 1 | Model 2 OR [95Â % CI] | Model 3 OR [95Â % CI] | Model 4 OR [95Â % CI] |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age in years | ||||
 66–70 | -- | Reference | Reference | Reference |
 71–75 | -- | 0.70 [0.62,0.80] | 0.71 [0.62,0.79] | 0.71 [0.62,0.79] |
 76–80 | -- | 0.42 [0.37,0.47] | 0.42 [0.37,0.46] | 0.42 [0.37,0.46] |
 81–85 | -- | 0.24 [0.21,0.26] | 0.24 [0.21,0.26] | 0.24 [0.21,0.26] |
 86–90 | -- | 0.14 [0.12,0.15] | 0.14 [0.12,0.15] | 0.14 [0.12,0.15] |
 91+ | -- | 0.07 [0.06,0.07] | 0.07 [0.05,0.07] | 0.07 [0.05,0.07] |
Sex | ||||
 Male | -- | Reference | Reference | Reference |
 Female | -- | 0.54 [0.51,0.56] | 0.54 [0.51,0.56] | 0.54 [0.51,0.56] |
Language region | ||||
 German | -- |  | Reference | Reference |
 French | -- |  | 1.55 [1.32,1.80] | 1.43 [1.22,1.65] |
 Italian | -- |  | 1.85 [1.16,2.92] | 1.80 [1.20,2.70] |
Urbanicity | ||||
 Urban | -- |  | Reference | Reference |
 Peri-urban | -- |  | 1.06 [1.00,1.11] | 1.06 [1.00,1.11] |
 Rural | -- |  | 0.95 [0.87,1.03] | 0.95 [0.87,1.02] |
Swiss-SEP index | ||||
 1st (lowest) | -- |  | Reference | Reference |
 2nd tertile | -- |  | 1.08 [0.99,1.17] | 1.08 [0.98,1.17] |
 3rd (highest) | -- |  | 1.05 [0.93,1.16] | 1.04 [0.93,1.16] |
Hospital beds (overall)/10,000 | ||||
 1st (lowest) | -- |  |  | Reference |
 2nd tertile | -- |  |  | 0.97 [0.80,1.16] |
 3rd (highest) | -- |  |  | 0.95 [0.77,1.15] |
Acute care beds per/10,000 | ||||
 1st (lowest) | -- |  |  | Reference |
 2nd tertile | -- |  |  | 1.10 [0.92,1.31] |
 3rd (highest) | -- |  |  | 1.14 [0.93,1.39] |
Physicians (inpatient)/10,000 | ||||
 1st (lowest) | -- |  |  | Reference |
 2nd tertile | -- |  |  | 0.98 [0.81,1.18] |
 3rd (highest) | -- |  |  | 1.07 [0.85,1.33] |
Ambulatory care (GPs & specialists)/10,000 | ||||
 1st (lowest) | -- |  |  | Reference |
 2nd tertile | -- |  |  | 0.84 [0.70,1.01] |
 3rd (highest) | -- |  |  | 0.81 [0.67,0.97] |
Nursing home beds /10,000 | ||||
 1st (lowest) | -- |  |  | Reference |
 2nd tertile | -- |  |  | 0.83 [0.70,0.98] |
 3rd (highest) | -- |  |  | 0.67 [0.56,0.79] |
Variance | ||||
 Estimate | 0.12 | 0.14 | 0.08 | 0.05 |
 SE | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.01 |