Table 1 Quality of intervention studies meeting EPOC design criteria (Low, High, Unclear)
Author, Date Design | Type | Allocation sequence adequately generated? | Concealment of allocation | Baseline outcome measurement similar | Baseline characteristics similar | Incomplete outcome data adequately addressed | Knowledge of allocated interventions prevented | Protections against contamination | Selective outcome reporting | Free other risk of bias |
End of life outcomes | ||||||||||
Costantini 2014 [31] | CRCT | L | L | L | L | L | H | L | L | H |
Detering 2010 [36] | RCT | L | L | L | L | L | L | H | L | L |
Gade 2008 [32] | RCT | L | L | L | H | L | U | U | L | L |
Hanks 2002 [33] | RCT | L | L | L | H | L | U | U | L | L |
Sidebottom 2015 [34] | RCT | U | U | L | H | L | U | H | L | L |
Song 2005 [35] | RCT | U | U | L | L | L | U | U | L | L |
The SUPPORT Principal Investigators 1995 [30] | RCT | L | L | L | L | L | L | U | L | L |
End of life processes | ||||||||||
Ahronheim 2000 [29] | RCT | U | U | L | L | L | L | H | L | H |
Bailey 2014 [19] | SW | H | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L |
Cugliari 1995 [20] | CCT | H | H | U | H | U | U | H | L | L |
El-Jawahri 2015 [21] | RCT | L | L | L | L | L | H | U | L | L |
Grimaldo 2001 [22] | RCT | L | L | L | L | L | U | U | L | L |
Jacobsen 2011 [23] | CCT | H | H | U | L | L | H | L | L | L |
Meier 1996 [24] | RCT | U | U | U | L | L | U | U | L | L |
Nicolasora 2006 [25] | RCT | L | U | U | L | L | H | U | L | L |
Sampson 2011 [27] | RCT | U | U | L | L | L | U | L | L | L |
Study (ITS) | Independent of other changes? | Shape of effect pre-specified? | Intervention affected data collection? | Knowledge interventions adequately prevented | Incomplete outcome data adequately addressed? | Free from selective outcome reporting? | Other risk of bias? | |||
Reilly 1995 [26] | L | L | L | L | L | L | U | |||