Table 2 Overview and characteristics of publications included (n = 67)
From: Advance care planning in dementia: recommendations for healthcare professionals
Systematic reviews and meta-analysis (n = 9) | |||||
First author (year of publication) | Study type | Number of publications included (n) | Quality score ranging from 1 to 12* (number of items that could not be answered due to too little information in the paper) | ||
 1 | Dening (2011) | Review | 17 | 8 (4) | |
 2 | Robinson (2012) | Systematic review | 4 | 7 (5) | |
 3 | Seeber (2012) | Review | 43 | 6 (5) | |
 4 | Van der Steen (2010) | Systematic review | 45 | 4 (8) | |
 5 | Sampson (2010) | Review (editorial) |  | 2 (2) | |
 6 | Goodman (2010) | Integrative review | 68 | 8 (3) | |
 7 | De Boer (2010) | Literature review | Information not available | 3 (7) | |
 8 | Raymond (2014) | Critical synthesis | 8 | 6 (3) | |
 9 | Van der Steen (2014) | Systematic review | 33 | 7 (4) | |
Other (n = 58) | |||||
First author (year of publication) | Methods | Setting (sample, n) | |||
Quantitative and experimental research | |||||
 1 | Detering (2010) | Randomised controlled trial | Medical inpatients aged 80 or more (n = 309) | ||
 2 | Vandervoort (2012) | Cross-sectional retrospective survey | Deceased residents with dementia in 345 nursing homes (n = 764) | ||
 3 | De Gendt (2010) | Cross-sectional retrospective survey | Nursing home administrators (n = 345) | ||
 4 | Benkendorf (1997) | Prospective cohort study | Patients > or = 19 years old with arrest of presumed cardiac cause, with locations at home or at a nursing home (n = 2348) | ||
 5 | De Gendt (2013) | Cross-sectional retrospective survey | Deceased nursing home residents (n = 1240) | ||
 6 | Sampson (2011) | Exploratory randomised controlled trial | Family caregivers of patients with severe dementia (n = 33; IG: n = 22; CG: n = 11) | ||
 7 | Brazil (2015) | Cross-sectional survey | General practitioners (n = 133) | ||
 8 | Grisso (1997) | Quasi-experimental trial | Acutely ill inpatients with a diagnosis of schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder (IG: n = 40) | ||
 9 | Givens (2009) | Prospective cohort study | Nursing home residents with advanced dementia and their healthcare proxies (n = 223) | ||
 10 | Vandervoort (2013) | Cross-sectional retrospective survey | Deceased residents with dementia in 69 nursing homes (n = 198) | ||
 11 | Baile (2002) | Questionnaires | Oncologists (n = 167) | ||
 12 | Szafara (2012) | Prospective cohort study | Residents (n = 1044 US, n = 513 Netherlands) | ||
 13 | van der Steen (2012) | Prospective cohort study | Residents with advanced dementia (n = 94) | ||
Qualitative research | |||||
 14 | Garand (2011) | Semi-structured interviews | Persons (n = 127) with a diagnosis of MCI or early AD (n = 72) or moderate to severe AD (n = 55) | ||
 15 | de Boer (2012) | Semi-structured interviews | Individuals diagnosed with early-stage AD (n = 24) | ||
 16 | Poppe (2013) | In-depth interviews | Patients with memory problems or mild dementia (n = 2) and eight carers (n = 8) and staff members from a memory clinic and a community mental health team (n = 11) | ||
 17 | Chan (2011) | Semi-structured interviews | Nursing home residents (n = 42) | ||
 18 | Piers (2013) | Semi-structured interviews | Elderly patients with limited prognosis (n = 38) | ||
 19 | Ashton (2014) | Interviews | Family caregivers within a specialist dementia unit (n = 12) | ||
 20 | Levi (2010) | Focus groups | Older individuals (n = 23) | ||
 21 | Kim Suh (2011) | Interviews | Persons with AD (n = 188) | ||
 22 | Shanley (2009) | Interviews | Managers from residential aged care facilities (n = 41) | ||
 23 | Dening (2012) | Nominal group study | People with dementia (n = 6), carers (n = 5) and dyads of people with dementia and carers (n = 6) attending memory assessment services | ||
 24 | Dening (2012) | Whole-systems qualitative study based on interviews and focus groups | Nine carers of people with dementia (n = 9) and focus groups (n = 6) with health care professionals with mixed professions (n = 26) and individual interviews with health care professionals with mixed professions (n = 15) | ||
 25 | Hirschman (2006) | Semi-structured interviews | Family members of patients with advanced dementia (n = 30) | ||
 26 | Hirschman (2008) | Semi-structured interviews | Family members of patients with advanced dementia (n = 30) | ||
 27 | Dickinson (2013) | Semi-structured interviews | People with mild to moderate dementia (n = 17) and family carers (n = 29) | ||
 28 | Hoe (2007) | Semi-structured interviews | Care recipient and caregiver dyads (n = 191) | ||
 29 | Steeman (2007) | Interview study | Elderly people with probable mild dementia and their family members (n = 20) | ||
 30 | Zimmerman (2015) | Interview study | Family members of decedents from 118 nursing home and residential settings (n = 264) | ||
 31 | McMahan (2013) | Semi-structured focus groups | Focus groups with participants from a Veterans Affairs and county hospital and the community (n = 13) | ||
 32 | Steeman (2013) | Longitudinal interview study | Elderly persons with early-stage dementia (n = 17) | ||
| Â | Mixed methods research | ||||
 33 | Silvester (2012) | Survey (1) and review of existing ACP-related documentation (2) | (1) staff of aged care facilities (n = 45); (2) aged care facilities (n = 12) | ||
 34 | Froggatt (2009) | Survey (1) and semi-structured interviews (2) | (1) care home managers (n = 213); (2) care home managers (n = 15) | ||
 35 | de Boer (2011) | Survey (1) and semi-structured interviews (2) | (1) elderly care physicians (n = 434); (2) physicians (n = 11) and relatives (n = 8) | ||
 36 | Van der steen (2014) | Five-round Delphi study | experts from 23 countries (n = 64) | ||
Guidelines, reports, theses | |||||
 37 | Van Mechelen (2014) | Guideline |  | NA |  |
 38 | Clayton (2007) | Guideline |  | NA |  |
 39 | WHO (2012) | Report |  | NA |  |
 40 | Harle (2008) | Report |  | NA |  |
 41 | Titler (2008) | Guideline |  | NA |  |
 42 | Vellinga (2006) | Thesis |  | NA |  |
 43 | Church (2007) | Guideline |  | NA |  |
 44 | Conroy (2009) | Guideline |  | NA |  |
 45 | American Medical Association (1999) | Guideline |  | NA |  |
Opinion and reflection papers | |||||
 46 | Harvey (2006) | NA |  | NA |  |
 47 | Lemmens (2012) | NA |  | NA |  |
 48 | Gillick (2012) | NA |  | NA |  |
 49 | Scott (2012) | NA |  | NA |  |
 50 | Berghmans (2001) | NA |  | NA |  |
 51 | Burlà (2014) | NA |  | NA |  |
 52 | Kim Suh (2006) | NA |  | NA |  |
 53 | Gillick (2004) | NA |  | NA |  |
 54 | Juthani-Mehta (2015) | NA |  | NA |  |
 55 | Mold (1991) | NA |  | NA |  |
 56 | Smith (2013) | hypothetical case report (n = 2) |  | 2 |  |
Grey literature | |||||
 57 | Van der steen (2011) | Leaflet (Dutch) |  | NA |  |
 58 | Keirse (2009) | Leaflet (Dutch) |  | NA |  |