Table 4 Multivariate logistic regression analysis of end-of-life treatment and care recommendations of healthcare providers

 Chemotherapy or radiation therapy for cancer (n = 734)

0.60

0.43–0.84

0.003

1.38

0.92–2.05

0.116

0.54

0.37–0.79

0.002

1.13

0.73–1.75

0.591

1.03

0.68–1.57

0.875

 Fluid infusion if unable to drink water (n = 825)

0.77

0.56–1.06

0.105

1.49

1.01–2.22

0.047

0.45

0.31–0.66

< 0.001

2.00

1.34–2.96

0.001

0.65

0.43–0.97

0.033

 TPN^a if cannot intake sufficient nutrition orally (n = 801)

0.99

0.70–1.39

0.941

1.66

1.10–2.50

0.016

0.48

0.32–0.72

< 0.001

1.22

0.76–1.97

0.412

0.51

0.31–0.84

0.008

 NG^b tube feeding if cannot intake sufficient nutrition orally (n = 798)

1.29

0.89–1.86

0.182

2.01

1.28–3.14

0.002

0.52

0.34–0.80

0.003

0.71

0.44–1.13

0.145

0.51

0.30–0.87

0.014

 PEG^c tube feeding if cannot intake sufficient nutrition orally (n = 819)

1.35

0.89–2.07

0.158

1.85

1.10–3.11

0.020

0.70

0.43–1.12

0.139

1.43

0.77–2.65

0.254

0.60

0.33–1.07

0.084

 Mechanical ventilation when it becomes difficult to breathe (n = 848)

0.79

0.44–1.43

0.430

1.06

0.54–2.08

0.865

0.55

0.27–1.13

0.103

1.07

0.49–2.31

0.872

0.56

0.23–1.37

0.204

 Cardiopulmonary resuscitation if your heart or breathing stops (n = 878)

1.08

0.59–1.96

0.812

2.38

1.14–4.96

0.021

0.50

0.25–0.98

0.044

1.32

0.56–3.09

0.527

0.23

0.07–0.75

0.015

 Chemotherapy or radiation therapy for cancer (n = 1119)

1.08

0.82–1.43

0.586

1.57

1.19–2.07

0.002

0.41

0.30–0.57

< 0.001

0.88

0.61–1.27

0.501

0.74

0.44–1.26

0.268

 Fluid infusion if unable to drink water (n = 1405)

0.69

0.53–0.89

0.005

2.03

1.56–2.64

< 0.001

0.38

0.29–0.50

< 0.001

0.70

0.48–1.00

0.052

0.39

0.26–0.58

< 0.001

 TPN^a if cannot intake sufficient nutrition orally (n = 1307)

0.85

0.65–1.12

0.247

1.16

0.89–1.51

0.265

0.47

0.35–0.63

< 0.001

0.66

0.48–0.92

0.014

0.44

0.26–0.76

0.003

 NG^b tube feeding if cannot intake sufficient nutrition orally (n = 1399)

0.71

0.49–1.04

0.078

1.29

0.90–1.84

0.163

0.34

0.21–0.54

< 0.001

0.51

0.34–0.77

0.001

0.64

0.30–1.35

0.238

 PEG^c tube feeding if cannot intake sufficient nutrition orally (n = 1427)

0.86

0.59–1.27

0.446

1.86

1.28–2.70

0.001

0.26

0.15–0.43

< 0.001

0.47

0.31–0.72

< 0.001

1.03

0.52–2.05

0.937

 Mechanical ventilation when it becomes difficult to breathe (n = 1436)

0.75

0.44–1.26

0.273

1.45

0.89–2.38

0.140

0.08

0.02–0.25

< 0.001

0.71

0.39–1.28

0.252

0.36

0.09–1.49

0.157

 Cardiopulmonary resuscitation if your heart or breathing stops (n = 1462)

0.49

0.30–0.81

0.005

1.21

0.79–1.85

0.392

0.10

0.04–0.25

< 0.001

0.66

0.40–1.08

0.098

0.13

0.02–0.91

0.040

 Chemotherapy or radiation therapy for cancer (n = 447)

0.28

0.06–1.22

0.090

1.60

1.03–2.49

0.036

1.00

0.55–1.80

0.997

1.16

0.66–2.04

0.615

0.97

0.34–2.78

0.959

 Fluid infusion if unable to drink water (n = 560)

1.66

0.61–4.52

0.325

1.36

0.93–1.99

0.114

0.62

0.39–1.01

0.055

0.97

0.60–1.59

0.909

0.80

0.33–1.91

0.608

 TPN^a if cannot intake sufficient nutrition orally (n = 499)

0.98

0.32–3.04

0.977

1.61

1.00–2.59

0.048

0.56

0.27–1.15

0.113

1.30

0.66–2.56

0.448

1.85

0.73–4.67

0.194

 NG^b tube feeding if cannot intake sufficient nutrition orally (n = 539)

0.61

0.14–2.77

0.526

1.37

0.81–2.34

0.242

0.64

0.30–1.35

0.239

5.18

1.57–17.05

0.007

1.89

0.66–5.38

0.233

 PEG^c tube feeding if cannot intake sufficient nutrition orally (n = 530)

0.43

0.09–2.16

0.306

2.30

1.31–4.06

0.004

0.90

0.42–1.90

0.774

2.31

0.94–5.64

0.067

6.18

2.51–15.23

< 0.001

 Mechanical ventilation when it becomes difficult to breathe (n = 509)

2.11

0.58–7.72

0.260

1.81

0.87–3.78

0.111

0.00

0.00

0.997

0.88

0.38–2.06

0.770

1.21

0.26–5.64

0.810

 Cardiopulmonary resuscitation if your heart or breathing stops (n = 515)

1.38

0.51–3.78

0.529

1.12

0.73–1.71

0.610

0.30

0.14–0.66

0.002

1.00

0.59–1.69

1.000

2.30

0.89–5.92

0.085