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Table 4 Agreement reached for the outcome dimensions following rounds 1 and 2 of the Delphi survey and consensus day voting

From: Coping and wellbeing in bereavement: two core outcomes for evaluating bereavement support in palliative care

Emotional issues

70%

80%

Shortlisted Consensus Day

Wellbeing

70%

80%

Shortlisted Consensus Day

Health

70%

80%

Shortlisted Consensus Day

Support

70%

80%

Shortlisted Consensus Day

Feelings of loneliness and emptiness

✓

✓

✓

Ability to participate in worka

✓

✓

 

Anxiety (feelings of tension, nervousness, panic and distress)

✓

✓

✓

Relationships with friends and family

✓

✓

 

Preoccupation with thoughts of the deceased person

✓

✓

 

Ability to participate in social or other activities

✓

✓

✓

Depression (a sense of hopelessness, pessimism, periods of crying)

✓

✓

✓

Relationships with health and social care professional(s)

X

X

 

Avoidance of reminders of the deceased person

X

X

 

Ability to perform daily tasks

✓

✓

 

Related physical symptoms (e.g. pain or sickness)

✓

  

Finding comfort, meaning or strength in religious or spiritual beliefs

X

X

 

Avoidance and denial of distress, grief or other problems

✓

 

✓

Involvement in home management and housework

X

X

 

Problems with memory, concentration, making decisions, speech

✓

 

✓

Accessing practical support if needed

✓

✓

✓

Intensity of grief experienced around time of death

✓

 

✓

Financial security and material wellbeing

✓

  

Suicidal thoughts

✓

✓

 

Accessing financial/material support if neededb

✓

✓

 

Overwhelming thoughts and/or nightmares about loss

✓

✓

 

Ability to function as part of a family

✓

✓

 

Irritation and bad mood

✓

  

Accessing emotional support if needed

✓

✓

 

Hallucinations about the deceased person

X

X

 

Sense of identity and role

✓

 

✓

Sleep-related problems

✓

  

Ability to express feelings openly and honestly

✓

✓

 

Feelings of shame and/or stigma

X

X

 

Sense of meaning and purpose in life

✓

✓

✓

Tiredness and fatigueb

✓

✓

 

Accessing guidance if needed

✓

  

Feelings of detachment and distancing

✓

  

Optimism and hopefulness

✓

✓

 

Hyperactivity and inability to slow downc

✓

  

Feeling understood by and connected with other bereaved peopleb

✓

✓

✓

Feelings of blame, guilt, anger, bitterness, regret

✓

✓

 

Satisfaction with home, neighbourhood and community environment

X

X

 

Paranoia or obsessive thoughtsc

✓

X

     
    

Acceptance of grief experiences as normal

✓

✓

✓

Symptoms of phobias

X

X

     
    

Acceptance of loss

✓

✓

 

Behaviours such as eating disorders or substance abuse

✓

      
    

Understanding and finding meaning of loss

✓

✓

 

Self-esteem

✓

      
    

Positive reminiscence and remembering of the deceaseda

✓

✓

✓

General health problems (e.g. infections, blood pressure, loss of sex drive, other illness)b

✓

✓

     
    

Regulation and control of feelings and behaviours

✓

 

✓

Use of health care services

X

X

✓

    
    

Ability to find balance and channel grief

✓

✓

✓

        
    

Ability to take control (e.g. look ahead and start to move forward with life)

✓

✓

✓

        
  1. aMet 80% threshold in service user sub-group in Delphi 1
  2. bMet 80% threshold in service user sub-group in Delphi 2. These items also needed to have been selected on consensus day or final feedback survey to be included
  3. cExceeded 70% in second round of the Delphi survey (service user sub-group)