Table 6 Study variables score in this study and previous studies

PCQN

UNS

7.1 ± 2.1

7.0 ± 2.8 Saudi UNS [32]

8.0 ± 3.1 Jordan UNS [33]

8.2 ± 2.8 Greece UNS [34]

ORN

9.6 ± 1.9

9.1 ± 3.1 Saudi registered nurse [6]

11.8 ± 2.8 Ireland registered nurse [35].

11.7 ± 3.1 Australia registered nurse [36]

PONS

11.0 ± 2.1

n/s

FATCOD

UNS

98.2 ± 8.1

95.2 ± 14.1 Turkish UNS [37]

96.9 ± 8.3 Palestine UNS [38]

111.9 ± 10.2 Greece UNS [34]

115.2 ± 7.86 Italia UNS [39]

126.0 Sweden UNS [40]

ORN

108.7 ± 11.2

111.7 ± 14.0 Saudi registered nurse [6]

PONS

100.3 ± 8.1

n/s

GSE

UNS

31.8 ± 5.1

34.5 ± 8.4 Saudi Arabia UNS [24]

29.7 ± 4.5 Poland UNS [25]

ORN

30.8 ± 4.9

29.8 ± 5.8 in Iran registered nurses [26]

24.9 ± 5.4 in China registered nurses [27]

24.9 ± 4.4 in China paediatric nurses [28]

PONS

28.3 ± 3.3

n/s

MSQ

UNS

n/a

n/s

ORN

69.3 ± 11.5

63.8 ± 15.3Egypt physicians and nurses [41]

75.0 China psychiatric nurses [42]

PONS

n/a

n/s