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Table 2 Demographic and clinical characteristic of patients with haematological malignancies

From: The effect of a single session of 30-min mindful breathing in reducing fatigue among patients with haematological cancer – a randomised controlled trial

Demographic and Clinical Characteristics

Techniques

p-value

30-min mindful breathing

(n = 40)

Control

(n = 40)

Age, mean ± SD (years)

53.4 ± 16.2

55.8 ± 14.6

0.493a

Gender, n (%)

 Male

20 (50.0)

19 (47.5)

1.000b

 Female

20 (50.0)

21 (52.5)

 

Ethnicity, n (%)

 Malay

21 (52.5)

18 (45.0)

0.792b

 Chinese

15 (37.5)

17 (42.5)

 

 Indian

4 (10.0)

5 (12.5)

 

Marital Status, n (%)

 Single

6 (15.0)

7 (17.5)

0.992b

 Married

27 (67.5)

26 (65.0)

 

 Widowed

6 (15.0)

6 (15.0)

 

 Divorced/Separated

1 (2.5)

1 (2.5)

 

Religion, n (%)

 Muslim

21 (52.5)

18 (45.0)

0.816b

 Buddhist

12 (30.0)

13 (32.5)

 

 Christian

5 (12.5)

5 (12.5)

 

 Hindu

2 (5.0)

4 (10.0)

 

Education Level, n (%)

   

 None

1 (2.5)

1 (2.5)

0.054b

 Primary

2 (5.0)

11 (27.5)

 

 Secondary

18 (45.0)

15 (37.5)

 

 College/ University

19 (47.5)

13 (32.5)

 

Occupation, n (%)

 None

11 (27.5)

4 (10.0)

0.130b

 Employed

16 (40.0)

21 (52.5)

 

 Retired

13 (32.5)

15 (37.5)

 

Haematology Malignancy, n (%)

 ALL

1 (2.5)

0 (0.0)

0.075c

 AML

2 (5.0)

6 (15.0)

 

 CLL

0 (0.0)

1 (2.5)

 

 CML

3 (7.5)

0 (0.0)

 

 Lymphoma

24 (60.0)

23 (57.5)

 

 Multiple myeloma

4 (10.0)

7 (17.5)

 

 Myelodysplastic syndrome

4 (10.0)

0 (0.0)

 

 Myeloproliferative disease

2 (5.0)

3 (7.5)

 

Remission status, n (%)

 Yes

13 (32.5)

11 (27.5)

0.807b

 No

27 (67.5)

29 (72.5)

 

Comorbid, n (%)

 No

16 (40.0)

16 (40.0)

1.000b

 Yes

24 (60.0)

24 (60.0)

 

Hb level (g/dL), mean ± SD

11.9 ± 2.3

11.2 ± 2.1

0.144a

Baseline ESAS-Fatigue, median (IQR)

5 (2)

5 (2)

0.824d

Baseline FACIT-Fatigue, mean ± SD

24.0 ± 10.6

24.0 ± 9.7

0.983a

  1. SD Standard Deviation, ALL Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia, AML Acute Myeloid Leukemia, CLL Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia, CML Chronic Myeloid Leukemia, Hb Haemoglobin, ESAS-F Edmonton Symptom Assessment System-Fatigue component, FACIT-F Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Fatigue component, IQR Interquartile Range
  2. ap-values from Student’s t-test
  3. bp-values from Chi-square test
  4. cp-values from Fisher’s Exact test
  5. dp-values from Mann-Whitney U test