Table 2 Significant factors associated with the final place of care in bivariate analysis

Age (years)

Median (IQR)

79 (70–86)

71 (65–81)

71 (64–80)

< 0.0001^b

Mean (SD)

77.7 (11.6)

71.6 (12.0)

72.3 (9.9)

< 0.0001^c

Gender

Male

96 (45.9)

46 (54.1)

39 (65.0)

0.252^b

Female

113 (54.1)

39 (45.9)

21 (35.0)

0.014^c

Marital status

Single

8 (3.8)

18 (21.2)

6 (10.0)

Married

100 (47.8)

38 (44.7)

40 (66.7)

Divorced

7 (3.3)

9 (10.6)

2 (3.3)

<0.0001^b

Widowed

94 (45.0)

20 (23.5)

12 (20.0)

0.003^c

Housing type

Rental

11 (5.3)

14 (16.5)

6 (10.0)

Public

169 (80.9)

68 (80.0)

50 (83.3)

Private condominium

15 (7.2)

2 (2.4)

2 (3.3)

0.002^b

Private landed housing

14 (6.7)

1 (1.2)

2 (3.3)

0.300^c

Government financial support level

High

117 (56.0)

67 (78.8)

33 (55.0)

Medium

20 (9.6)

7 (8.2)

9 (15.0)

Low

23 (11.0)

5 (5.9)

7 (11.7)

0.001^b

No support

49 (23.4)

6 (7.1)

11 (18.3)

0.605^c

Cancer site

Brain

6 (2.9)

1 (1.2)

2 (3.3)

Head and neck

3 (1.4)

5 (5.9)

5 (8.3)

Gastrointestinal system

54 (25.8)

27 (31.7)

14 (23.3)

Hepatobiliary pancreatic system

36 (17.2)

15 (17.6)

14 (23.3)

Breast

18 (8.6)

2 (2.4)

4 (6.7)

Gynecological

3 (1.4)

0

0

Genitourinary

12 (5.7)

5 (5.9)

3 (5.0)

Hematological

10 (4.8)

2 (2.4)

1 (1.7)

Prostate

5 (2.4)

2 (2.4)

3 (5.0)

Skin

0

2 (2.4)

1 (1.7)

Lung

50 (23.9)

17 (20.0)

8 (13.3)

Multiple sites

4 (1.9)

4 (4.7)

2 (3.3)

Unknown

8 (3.8)

1 (1.2)

2 (3.3)

0.024^b

Others

0

2 (2.4)

1 (1.7)

0.001^c

Cardiovascular disease

72 (34.4)

20 (23.5)

6 (10.0)

0.091^b

< 0.0001^c

Dementia

35 (16.7)

5 (5.9)

1 (1.7)

0.023^b

0.005^c

Main caregiver availability

207 (99.0)

61 (71.8)

53 (88.3)

< 0.0001^b

Family

72 (34.8)

38 (62.3)

34 (64.2)

< 0.0001^c

Friend

0

2 (3.3)

2 (3.8)

Foreign domestic helper

129 (62.3)

21 (34.4)

15 (28.3)

< 0.0001^b

Private/interim care nurse

6 (2.9)

0

2 (3.8)

< 0.0001^c

Family caregiver age (years)

Median (IQR)

54 (47–62)

61.5 (50.5–69)

51.5 (45–65)

0.007^b

Mean (SD)

53.6 (12.8)

58.5 (13.7)

54.2 (14.6)

0.932^c

Patient’s PPOC

138 (66.0)

70 (82.4)

41 (68.3)

Home

135 (97.8)

31 (44.3)

21 (51.2)

Inpatient hospice

1 (0.7)

38 (54.3)

3 (7.3)

Hospital

1 (0.7)

0

16 (39.0)

No preference

0

1 (1.4)

0

< 0.0001^b

Any institution

1 (0.7)

0

1 (2.4)

< 0.0001^c

Patient’s PPOD

136 (65.1)

70 (82.4)

35 (58.3)

Home

130 (95.6)

33 (47.1)

25 (71.4)

Inpatient hospice

1 (0.7)

34 (48.6)

5 (14.3)

Hospital

1 (0.7)

0

2 (5.7)

No preference

3 (2.2)

3 (4.3)

1 (2.9)

< 0.0001^b

Any institution

1 (0.7)

0

2 (5.7)

< 0.0001^c

Family’s PPOC

207 (99.0)

72 (84.7)

47 (78.3)

Home

202 (97.6)

7 (9.7)

7 (14.9)

Inpatient hospice

3 (1.4)

65 (90.3)

14 (29.8)

Hospital

2 (1.0)

0

23 (48.9)

No preference

0

0

1 (2.1)

< 0.0001^b

Any institution

0

0

2 (4.3)

< 0.0001^c

Family’s PPOD

206 (98.6)

72 (84.7)

42 (70.0)

Home

196 (95.1)

8 (11.1)

16 (38.1)

Inpatient hospice

4 (1.9)

63 (87.5)

14 (33.3)

Hospital

2 (1.0)

0

8 (19.0)

No preference

4 (1.9)

1 (1.4)

2 (4.8)

< 0.0001^b

Any institution

0

0

2 (4.8)

< 0.0001^c

Duration of enrollment in the home-based care service (days)

Median (IQR)

59 (32–124)

92 (57–168)

63 (42.5–160)

< 0.0001^b

Mean (SD)

93.7 (93.0)

130.1 (103.3)

107.6 (100.7)

0.080^c

Number of emergency department visits

Median (IQR)

0

0 (0–1)

0 (0–1)

< 0.0001^b

Mean (SD)

0.3 (0.8)

0.7 (1.0)

0.7 (1.4)

0.054^c

Number of hospital admissions

Median (IQR)

0 (0–1)

1 (0–1)

0 (0–1)

< 0.0001^b

Mean (SD)

0.4 (0.8)

0.9 (1.0)

0.8 (1.7)

0.196^c

Average length of hospitalization (days)

Median (IQR)

0 (0–4)

5 (0–11)

0 (0–5.5)

< 0.0001^b

Mean (SD)

2.8 (6.2)

8.8 (11.0)

4.5 (9.4)

0.205^c

PPSv2 2 weeks before death or admission to the final place of care

10%

77 (36.8)

0

0

20%

45 (21.5)

3 (3.5)

4 (6.7)

30%

45 (21.5)

14 (16.5)

7 (11.7)

40%

21 (10.0)

25 (29.4)

11 (18.3)

50%

8 (3.8)

19 (22.4)

22 (36.7)

60%

4 (1.9)

4 (4.7)

8 (13.3)

70%

1 (0.5)

2 (2.4)

1 (1.7)

80%

0

0

1(1.7)

<0.0001^b

Missing

8 (3.8)

18 (21.2)

6 (10.0)

<0.0001^c

ESASr 2 weeks before death or admission to the final place of care

Pain

Median (IQR)

0 (0–2)

0 (0–3)

2.5 (0–3)

< 0.0001^b

Mean (SD)

0.9 (1.7)

2.2 (2.7)

2.1 (2.4)

<0.0001^c

Nausea

Median (IQR)

0

0

0

0.007^b

Mean (SD)

0.2 (0.9)

0.6 (1.5)

0.6 (1.7)

0.047^c

Depression

Median (IQR)

0

0

0

< 0.0001^b

Mean (SD)

0.2 (0.8)

1.1 (2.1)

0.9 (2.2)

0.001^c

Drowsiness

Median (IQR)

3 (0–8)

0 (0–5)

0 (0–3)

0.002^b

Mean (SD)

4.1 (3.8)

2.5 (3.1)

2.0 (2.8)

< 0.0001^c

Appetite

Median (IQR)

5 (0–9)

5 (3–6.5)

3 (0–5)

0.608^b

Mean (SD)

4.6 (3.9)

4.3 (3.1)

3.1 (2.8)

0.015^c

Well-being

Median (IQR)

0 (0–3)

3 (0–6)

3 (0–5)

0.001^b

Mean (SD)

1.8 (2.5)

3.1 (2.9)

2.6 (2.7)

0.028^c