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Table 3 Linear regression results of an indicator of the lowest SES (SES:Poor = 1) on physical, psychological,and spiritual, and social factors (Outcomes)

From: “I want to live, but …” the desire to live and its physical, psychological, spiritual, and social factors among advanced cancer patients: evidence from the APPROACH study in India

Outcomes:

BPI-Pain severity

HADS-total

BSB = 1

CSB = 1

FACIT-Sp: Total

FACT-SWB

Stigma

(1) Marginal effect of SES:Poor = 1

−0.17

4.12***

0.06

0.09

0.18

−0.49

1.18

(0.43)

(1.58)

(0.09)

(0.09)

(1.81)

(1.24)

(0.86)

(2) Mean outcome value among SES: Others = 1

3.43

17.52

0.36

0.54

24.61

15.20

8.64

N

192

192

192

192

192

192

192

  1. Row (1) (Marginal effect of SES:Poor = 1) reports a marginal effect of the lowest SES (poor) on each outcome estimated from the linear regressions. Row (2) (Mean outcome value among SES:Others = 1) reports the corresponding mean outcome values of the other SES group (lower middle class, upper middle class, and wealthy).‘(Variable) = 1’ notation indicates a binary variable that has a value of 1 when a patient falls in the corresponding category, and 0 otherwise. Robust standard errors are in parentheses. All regressions include a dummy for general caste, male dummy, age, years of education, marriage dummy and non-Hindu dummy. The following abbreviations are used in the table: i) BPI- Brief Pain Inventory ii) HADS- Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale iii) BSB- Behavioural Self-Blame iv) CSB- Characterological Self-Blame v) FACIT-Sp-Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy–Spiritual Well-Being Scale vi) FACT-SWB: Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General questionnaire to assess social/family well-being vii) SES- Socio-economic status.
  2. *** p < 0.01, ** p < 0.05, * p < 0.1