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Table 1 Cognitive, emotional, behavioral and physiological reactions to grief

From: Psychosocial factors affecting the bereavement experience of relatives of palliative-stage cancer patients: a systematic review

Cognitive reactions

Emotional reactions

Mental disorganization, intrusive images, idealization of the deceased, avoidance of distress, low self-esteem, etc. [10, 12, 16]

Shock, inoperability, sadness, lack, anxiety, anger, guilt, regret, feeling of emptiness, hopelessness, depression, feeling of loneliness, suspicion, relief, affliction, gloom, overwhelm, feeling of emptiness, feeling of absence, tensions, etc. [10,11,12, 16]

Behavioral reactions

Physiological reactions

Agitation, fatigue, crying, difficulty maintaining social interactions (maintenance, rejection, initiation), languishing of the deceased, imitation of the deceased's behavior, communication with the deceased increased use of psychotropic drugs, increased alcohol intake and tobacco, etc.[10, 12, 16]

Loss of appetite, bulimic behavior, insomnia, increased need for sleep, disturbed circadian rhythm, loss of energy, somatic complaints (headache, neck pain, muscle cramps, nausea, vomiting, heartburn, palpitations, tremors) hair loss, decreased immunity, stress-related pathologies, etc.[10, 16]