Table 4 Factors associated with the willingness to continue or start life prolonging therapies (belonging to trajectories 3 or 4) compared to withhold or withdraw therapies (belonging to trajectories 1 or 2) in the patient scenario presented by univariate, age-adjusted and multivariable analysis
From: Does special education in palliative medicine make a difference in end-of-life decision-making?
| Â | Â | Univariate | Â | Age-adjusted | Â | Multivariate | Â | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n | OR | (95% CI) | p | OR | (95% CI) | p | OR | (95% CI) | p | |
Age continuous, years | 692 | 0.96 | (0.95–0.98) | < 0.001 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Age |  |  |  | < 0.001 |  |  |  |  |  | 0.002 |
 25–35 | 52 | 4.71 | (2.35–9.44) |  |  |  |  | 3.19 | (1.54–6.57) |  |
 35–49 | 253 | 1.49 | (1.08–2.05) |  |  |  |  | 1.46 | (1.03–2.06) |  |
 50–67 | 387 | 1.00 |  |  |  |  |  | 1.00 |  |  |
Sex | Â | Â | Â | 0.796 | Â | Â | 0.433 | Â | Â | Â |
 Female | 425 | 1.04 | (0.77–1.41) |  | 0.88 | (0.64–1.21) |  |  |  |  |
 Male | 267 | 1.00 |  |  | 1.00 |  |  |  |  |  |
Chief-position | Â | Â | Â | 0.013 | Â | Â | 0.208 | Â | Â | Â |
 No | 480 | 1.51 | (1.09–2.11) |  | 1.25 | (0.88–1.76) |  |  |  |  |
 Yes | 205 | 1.00 |  |  | 1.00 |  |  |  |  |  |
Financial responsibility | Â | Â | Â | 0.006 | Â | Â | 0.083 | Â | Â | 0.183 |
 No | 562 | 1.75 | (1.17–2.62) |  | 1.44 | (0.95–2.19) |  | 1.35 | (0.87–2.08) |  |
 Yes | 120 | 1.00 |  |  | 1.00 |  |  | 1.00 |  |  |
Own advance directive | Â | Â | Â | 0.604 | Â | Â | 0.932 | Â | Â | Â |
 No | 638 | 1.17 | (0.65–2.09) |  | 1.03 | (0.57–1.86) |  |  |  |  |
 Yes | 49 | 1.00 |  |  | 1.00 |  |  |  |  |  |
End-of-life care among relatives | Â | Â | Â | 0.066 | Â | Â | 0.322 | Â | Â | Â |
 No | 336 | 1.32 | (0.98–1.79) |  | 1.17 | (0.86–1.59) |  |  |  |  |
 Yes | 352 | 1.00 |  |  | 1.00 |  |  |  |  |  |
Physician group |  |  |  | < 0.001 |  |  | < 0.001 |  |  | < 0.001 |
 Competency in PM | 66 | 1.00 |  |  | 1.00 |  |  | 1.00 |  |  |
 Oncologists | 92 | 1.63 | (0.78–3.40) |  | 1.39 | (0.66–2.93) |  | 1.61 | (0.75–3.46) |  |
 Internists | 150 | 3.92 | (2.00–7.67) |  | 3.85 | (1.96–7.57) |  | 4.27 | (2.13–8.56) |  |
 Surgeons | 142 | 4.53 | (2.30–8.90) |  | 4.37 | (2.21–8.64) |  | 4.51 | (2.25–9.07) |  |
 GPs | 242 | 6.27 | (3.29–12.0) |  | 5.34 | (2.78–10.3) |  | 5.60 | (2.85–11.0) |  |