Table 1 Sources and variables of the questionnaire
Measure | Concstruct | Variable | # of items | Example and interpretation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
COPSOQ | ||||
workload | scale ‘quantitative demands’ | 4 | Do you have to work very fast? | |
health | scale ‘self-rated health’ | 1 | Your state of health: If you evaluate the best conceivable state of health at 10 points and the worst at 0 points: How many points do you then give to your present state of health? Please put a cross by the corresponding number. | |
scale ‘burnout’ | 6 | How often do you feel emotionally exhausted? | ||
intention to leave the profession | scale ‘intention to leave the profession’ | 1 | How often in the course of the past year have you thought about giving up your profession? | |
response categories: never, a few times a month, once or twice a week, three to five times a week and every day; for the logistic regression analysis the “intent to leave the nursing profession” variable was dichotomized: ‘never’ vs. ‘at least one time’ (a few times a month, once or twice a week, three to five times a week, every day) | ||||
resources | ||||
scale ‘influence at work’ | 4 | Do you have any influence on what you do at work? | ||
scale ‘degree of freedom at work’ | 4 | Can you decide when to take a break? | ||
scale ‘possibilities for development’ | 4 | Do you have the possibility of learning new things through your work? | ||
scale ‘meaning of work’ | 3 | Do you feel that the work you do is important? | ||
scale ‘workplace commitment’ | 4 | Do you enjoy telling others about your place of work? | ||
Resilience questionnaire RS-13 | ||||
resilience | resilience | 13 | I can accept it when not all people like me. | |
total score range from 13 to 91, low resilience, score 67–72: moderate resilience, score 73–91: high resilience | ||||
Pilot study | ||||
single question | meaningfulness of work | 1 | How much do the following help you to handle the workload? | |
Not helpful, little helpful, quite helpful, very helpful | ||||
single questions | meeting the relatives after death of patients, family, friends, professional attitude/dissociation, positive thinking, hobbies, self-reflection, self-care, physical activity, religiosity/spirituality | 1 question for each variable | How much do the following help you to handle the workload? | |
Not helpful, little helpful, quite helpful, very helpful | ||||
single questions | recognition from supervisor, recognition from patients and relatives, recognition from colleagues, recognition through social context, recognition through salary, good working team, help and support from colleagues in emergencies | 1 question for each variable | Do you receive recognition for your work from …? | |
Do not agree at all, rather disagree, somewhat agree, fully agree | ||||