Table 3 Barriers and facilitators for compassionate communities’ implementation
From: How compassionate communities are implemented and evaluated in practice: a scoping review
Factors | Description | Barriers N* | % | Facilitators N* | % |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Attitudes | |||||
Cultural, religious, social | Social attitudes to receiving help, alignment of activities with cultural attitudes, differences (in cultural patterns, perceptions, roles, language), cultural and ethnic diversity | 20 | 31.7 | 8 | 12.7 |
Support | Amount of support, type (ex. emotional, practical, medical), sources (ex. professional), formal/informal, political implication level | 8 | 12.7 | 14 | 22.2 |
Collaboration & partnerships | Working together, sharing vision and mission, negotiating, relation between formal and informal networks, level of connections and commitment | 8 | 12.7 | 12 | 12.0 |
Expectations | Assess and meeting: expectations, visions, needs, wishes of the patients, caregivers, communities, people | 6 | 9.5 | 12 | 19.0 |
Interventions | Level of listening and communication, speaking quality, initiation of discussions opening, quality of community-based interventions design quality, caregiving practices combination, integrity and dedication acting | 5 | 7.9 | 9 | 14.3 |
Leadership | Provide leadership not ownership, community empowerment, combined leadership, shared partnership | 0 | 0 | 10 | 15.9 |
Knowledge | |||||
Information, awareness, promotion | Media reports and relations, level of awareness about the concept of end-of-life or palliative care, degree of knowledge (of the grieving process, etc.), awareness (of social roles, care needs, compassion, etc.), education program | 6 | 9.5 | 17 | 26.0 |
Training, competencies, stakeholders experience | Training quality, competencies and experience levels | 14 | 22.2 | 0 | 0 |
External factors | |||||
Location & timing | Spaces, site, setting (ex. home), travel/access (geographic and demographic context) technical implications, timing (for support), duration (of the support) | 8 | 1.6 | 14 | 22.2 |
Finance | Amount of funding, financial implications, public financing, grants (quantity and continuity) | 7 | 11.1 | 6 | 9.5 |
Resources | Availability and sustainability of resources, informal network, approach type, human resources | 9 | 14.3 | 13 | 20.6 |
Policies, guidance, bureaucracy | Clarity of rules, organizing structure, level of coordination | 10 | 15.9 | 0 | 0 |
Project (organization, development, implementation, evaluation) | Participation, identification, integration, interests, involvement, recruitment (leaders, volunteers and clients), project definition and tangibility, evaluation (of the program, results, methodologies), clarity of objectives, professional structures | 8 | 12.7 | 11 | 17.5 |