Skip to main content

Table 2 Outpatient’s characteristics referred at first referral

From: Palliative care outpatients in a German comprehensive cancer center—identifying indicators for early and late referral

Patient Characteristics

Total,

N (%)

Late referrala,

n (%)

Intermediate referrala,

n (%)

Early referrala,

n (%)

Reason for Referral

281

115

82

30

 Pain

95 (33.8)

37 (32.2)

27 (33.0)

8 (26.7)

 Social care planning (SCP)

58 (20.6)

27 (23.5)

17 (10.7)

6 (20.0)

 Dyspnoea

18 (6.4)

9 (7.8)

7 (8.5)

2 (6.7)

 Nutritional advice

17 (6.0)

6 (5.2)

6 (7.3)

1 (3.3)

 Psychological distress

16 (5.7)

0

5 (6.1)

6 (20.0)

 Fatigue

6 (2.1)

5 (4.3)

1 (1.2)

0

 Pain and dyspnoea

10 (3.6)

3 (2.6)

5 (6.1)

1 (3.3)

 Pain and SCP

9 (3.2)

4 (3.5)

2 (2.4)

2 (6.7)

 Pain and fatigue

9 (3.2)

3 (2.6)

3 (3.6)

2 (6.7)

 Othersb

24 (8.5)

7 (6.1)

6 (7.3)

0

 More than two reasons

25 (8.9)

14 (12.2)

3 (3.6)

2 (6.7)

ECOGc

280

115

81

30

 0

36 (12.9)

8 (7.0)

13 (16.0)

7 (23.3)

 1

141 (50.4)

44 (38.3)

47 (58.0)

20 (66.7)

 2

64 (22.9)

38 (33.0)

14 (17.3)

3 (10.0)

 3

34 (12.1)

21 (18.3)

7 (8.6)

0

 4

5 (1.8)

4 (3.5)

0

0

Qualified social care planning

276

111

81

29

 no level of care

161 (58.3)

61 (55.0)

47 (58.0)

19 (65.5)

 existing level of care

115 (41.7)

50 (45.0)

34 (42.0)

10 (34.5)

Pain premedication

279

115

82

29

 NSAID

193 (69.2)

80 (69.6)

60 (73.2)

16 (53.3)

 Opioid analgesic WHO II

32 (11.5)

13 (11.3)

7 (8.5)

4 (13.3)

 Opioid analgesic WHO III

128 (45.9)

60 (52.2)

35 (42.7)

11 (36.7)

 Use of coanalgesicsd

115 (41.2)

44 (42.6)

31 (37.8)

13 (44.8)

 No medication

51 (18.3)

14 (12.2)

17 (20.4)

10 (33.3)

  1. aTiming of Referral: early, intermediate and late (> 12, 3–12 and < 3 months before death)
  2. bOthers: includes physiotherapy, fatigue, edema treatment, itching, incontinence, wound management
  3. cECOG: Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group
  4. dIncludes antidepressants, antiepileptics and benzodiazepines