Table 1 Overview of Data Collection and Participants

Number of Onsite Days

11

8

3

22

Leadership Interviews

7

11

9

27

Clinician Interviews

23

20

19

62

Observation Occurrences

41

22

10

73

Number of Observed Patients

228

134

48

410

Clinician & Leader Characteristics

n = 26

n = 24

n = 18

n = 68

Gender

Female

Male

12 (46%)

14 (54%)

12 (50%)

12 (50%)

7 (39%)

11 (61%)

31 (46%)

37 (54%)

Age (years)

Average

Range

44

33–59

47

32–64

41

34–63

44

32–64

Race

Asian

Black

White

Another Race

6 (2%)

0 (0%)

15 (58%)

3 (1%)

2 (8%)

2 (8%)

15 (63%)

2 (8%)

1 (6%)

1 (6%)

9 (50%)

5 (28%)

9 (13%)

3 (4%)

39 (57%)

10 (16%)

Hispanic/Latino

1 (3%)

1(4%)

0 (0%)

2 (3%)

Observed Patient Characteristics

Gender

Male

Female

181 (44%)

216 (53%)

106 (47%)

119 (52%)

59 (44%)

64 (48%)

16 (33%)

32 (66%)

Age (years)

Average

Range

60

18-93

60

21-89

59

23-93

60

18-93

Race (observed)

White

Black

Another Race

186 (45%)

150 (37%)

8 (2%)

85 (37%)

108 (47%)

6 (3%)

71 (53%)

28 (21%)

4 (3%)

30 (63%)

14 (29%)

0

Hispanic “Yes”

10 (2%)

4 (2%)

4 (3%)

2 (4%)

Surprise Q “No” *

47%

35%

34%

40%