Table 1 Participant characteristics at first CKD 4 visit
|  | All (N = 180) | Chinese American (N = 82) | Others (N = 98) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Female, n (%) | 66 (36.7) | 27 (32.9) | 39 (39.8) | 0.34 |
Age, mean (SD) | 64.1 (13.9) [N = 174] | 69.8 (10.9) [N = 81] | 59.1 (14.4) [N = 93] |  < 0.0001 |
Race, n (%) | ||||
 White |  |  | 45 (45.9) |  |
 Black |  |  | 30 (30.6) |  |
 Hispanic |  |  | 9 (9.2) |  |
 Other |  |  | 14 (14.3) |  |
Language spoken, n (%) | ||||
 English | 95 (52.8) | 10 (12.2) | 85 (86.7) |  < 0.0001 |
 Cantonese | 62 (34.4) | 61 (74.4) | 1 (1.0) |  < 0.0001 |
 Mandarin | 6 (3.3) | 6 (7.3) | 0 (0.0) | 0.008 |
 Spanish | 4 (2.2) | 0 (0.0) | 4 (4.1) | 0.13 |
 Vietnamese | 7 (3.9) | 0 (0.0) | 7 (7.1) | 0.016 |
 Other | 9 (5.0) | 7 (8.5) | 2 (2.0) | 0.08 |
Interpreter required, n (%) | 73 (41.5) | 62 (79.5) | 11 (11.2) |  < 0.0001 |
Religion reported, n (%) | 106 (58.9) | 28 (34.2) | 78 (79.6) |  < 0.0001 |
Hypertension, n (%) | 162 (91.5) | 76 (92.7) | 86 (90.5) | 0.61 |
Prior kidney transplant, n (%) | 19 (11.0) | 2 (2.6) | 17 (17.9) | 0.0013 |
Prior dialysis treatment, n (%) | 20 (11.7) | 3 (3.9) | 17 (18.1) | 0.004 |
Healthcare proxy completed, n (%) | 81 (45.8) | 28 (34.6) | 53 (55.2) | 0.006 |