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Table 2 Primary and secondary outcomes in patients: pre vs. post intervention (DT + and DT combined)

From: Effects of dignity therapy on psychological distress and wellbeing of palliative care patients and family caregivers – a randomized controlled study

  

T0

T1

Comparison (T1-T0)

Statistics

Subgroups

Measures

N

Mean

SD

N

Mean

SD

Mean difference (SE)

95% CI

p-value

DT + DT combined

Hastened Death

28

2.07

2.09

28

1.71

1.96

-0.36 (0.36)

-1.10; 0.38

0.33

HADS total

28

17.04

6.09

28

16.96

7.35

-0.07 (0.62)

-1.34; 1.20

0.91

HADS anxiety

28

8.50

3.36

28

8.29

4.23

-0.21 (0.40)

-1.03; 0.60

0.59

HADS depression

28

8.54

3.64

28

8.68

4.33

0.14 (0.44)

-0.75; 1.04

0.75

DTherm

28

5.79

2.54

28

6.21

2.32

0.43 (0.46)

-0.51; 1.36

0.36

FACIT-Pal-14

27

27.67

5.88

27

33.81

7.84

6.15 (1.86)

2.33; 9.96

0.01

FACIT-SP-12

27

24.42

4.44

27

25.54

9.50

0.12 (1.58)

-3.12; 3.37

0.94

PDI tot

27

57.70

13.35

27

54.63

16.13

-3.07 (3.01)

-9.26; 3.12

0.32

PDI Symp distress

27

2.44

0.66

27

240

0.84

-0.04 (0.14)

-0.33; 0.25

0.80

PDI Exi distress

27

2.59

0.70

27

2.25

0.85

-0.33 (0.17)

-0.68; 0.02

0.06

PDI Dependency

27

2.53

0.85

27

2.44

0.85

-0.10 (0.15)

-0.40; 0.21

0.52

PDI Peace of Mind

27

1.88

0.73

27

1.77

0.70

-0.11 (0.18)

-0.48; 0.27

0.57

PDI Social Support

27

1.47

0.75

27

1.44

0.73

-0.03 (0.13)

-0.30; 0.30

0.85

PRISM

27

2.70

2.00

27

3.11

2.14

0.41 (0.23)

-0.05; 0.87

0.08

SPC

Hastened Death

13

2.00

1.78

13

1.92

1.98

-0.08 (0.40)

-0.95; 0.79

0.85

HADS total

14

13.64

4.09

14

17.79

9.72

4.14 (2.61)

-1.501; 9.79

0.14

HADS anxiety

14

6.14

2.60

14

8.36

4.81

2.21 (1.19)

-0.36; 4.79

0.09

HADS depression

14

7.50

2.68

41

9.43

5.64

1.93 (1.53)

-1.37; 5.23

0.23

DTherm

14

6.21

2.19

14

6.00

2.48

-0.21 (0.48)

-1.26; 0.83

0.66

FACIT-Pal-14

11

30.82

5.33

11

30.90

9.47

0.08 (3.76)

-8.29; 8.46

0.98

FACIT-SP-12

11

28.27

4.45

11

27.55

7.50

-0.73 (2.65)

-6.62; 5.17

0.79

PDI tot

11

52.36

14.45

11

54.55

17.43

2.18 (2.81)

-4.07; 8.43

0.46

PDI Symp distress

11

2.28

0.61

11

2.43

0.77

0.15 (0.21)

-0.31; 0.61

0.48

PDI Exi distress

11

2.20

0.71

11

2.31

0.79

0.12 (0.11)

-0.13; 0.37

0.31

PDI Dependency

11

2.25

0.87

11

2.22

0.83

-0.04 (0.13)

-0.32; 0.24

0.78

PDI Peace of Mind

11

1.79

0.76

11

1.88

0.92

0.09 (0.23)

-0.43; 0.61

0.71

PDI Social Support

11

1.42

0.54

11

1.48

0.72

0.06 (0.18)

-0.34; 0.46

0.74

PRISM

13

4.25

2.68

13

2.79

1.91

-1.46 (0.84)

-3.30; 0.37

0.11

  1. Abbreviations: DT + Dignity Therapy Patients and Partners, DT Dignity Therapy with Patients, SPC standard palliative care, SD standard deviation, HADS Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, DTherm Distress Thermometer, FACIT-Pal-14 FACIT-Palliative Care, FACIT-SP-12 FACIT Spiritual Well-Being, PDI Patient Dignity Inventory, PRISM Pictorial Representation of Illness and Self Measure