Table 5 Self– assessed level of confidence pre–and post–training

Pain Assessment

3.74

4.58

1.32 (35.40%)

p < 0.001

Change Urine Bag

3.11

4.35

1.58 (50.65%)

p < 0.001

Bedsore Care

3.50

4.29

1.15 (32.90%)

p < 0.001

Turn Patient in Bed

3.82

4.54

1.03 (26.99%)

p < 0.001

Feeding Procedures

3.49

4.31

1.23 (35.16%)

p < 0.001

Patient Referral

4.38

4.64

0.56 (12.70%)

0.065

Spiritual Assessment

3.90

4.28

0.80 (20.50%)

0.013

Communication Skills

3.93

4.33

0.75 (19.08%)

0.003

Ethical Principles

3.51

4.15

1.00 (28.46%)

p < 0.001